Projectile.



WATSON.

PROJECTILE,

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII AN. 13, 1910. 1,004,510, V 1 Patented Sept. 26, 1911.

UNITED STATES PATENT oFFroE.

CHARLES r. WATSON, or rrrrsnnne, PENNS'YLVANIA.

PROJECTILE.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES I. WVATsoN, a citizen of the UnitedStates,,residing at Pittsburg, State of Pennsylvania, have invented newand useful Improvements in Projectiles, of

which the following is a sp ification. My invention relates to bulletsor proto those emto produce a soft metal bullet with a jacket of novelconstruction; to produce a mushrooming or expanding bullet of novelconstruction; and to provide a'bullet or projectile with a packing ringor gas check of novel construction at its rear end.

' The several improvements constituting my invention may all be embodiedin one and thesame bullet or projectile, and this is the preferredconstruction, although they are capable of separate, as well as joint,use.

I am aware that projectiles for small arms have been provided withsmooth, hardinetal jackets, and with wound jackets formed of fibrouscoated wire laid in. exterior circumferential grooves formed in themetal of the body of the projectile. There are certain well recognizedobjections to a bullet or projectile for small arms provided,

with a smooth hard-metal jacket. The wire and fabric wound'bullets arealso open to serious objection, especially when attempt has been made touse them with smokeless or other powder producing very high ve- I thebullet shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a transverse section thereof. Fig. 4is an elevation of abullet different from that shown 1n Fig.

- 1, embodying some of the features of my invention, part of the nose ofthe bullet be-. ing broken away. Fig. 5 is a long tudinal sectionalview-of a bullet difierent from that shown in any of the other views,embodying in the county of Allegheny and Specification of LettersPatent. Patented Sept. 26., 1911. Application filed Janualy lB, 1910.Serial No. 537,901.

view of the coil of wire adapted to consti-- wthe body A, but of lessspecific gravity, with a hard-metal jacket C formed of coiled wire.

exteriorly surrounding the body, and a packing rmg or gas check D at therear end of the bullet.

close coil of hard-metal wire, German silver The jacket is formed of afor instance, the ends a of which are carried within the coil andleftfree and exposed. This jacket is incorporated into the bullet when thebody A thereof is cast, that is to say, a coil like that represented inFig. 6 is introduced into the bullet mold before the metal of the bodyis poured therein. The result is that the metal flows into the groovesbetween the convolutions of the wire, and embeds the ends 0 thereof sothat so intimate a'union between the jacket and the body A is securedthat it is impossible to separate one from the other without devstroylngthe integrity of the bullet.

A jacket such. as described will carry thelubricantrequired for a bulletor projectile of this nature, and prevents the metal of the body fromcontact with the gun barrel and takes well to the rifling. I

'In casting the bullet shown in Fig. l the rearend of the body is formedwith a. shoulder cl which provides a seat for an annular split ring Dwhich constitutes a packing or gas check. The ring D is applied to itsseat after the bullet has been formed and preferably while the bullet isinthe 'shap- I ing and sizing die, at whichwvtime the rear end ofthebullet is sufficiently expanded .against the ring to securely hold itin place,

or it may be cast on.

The featuresof the invention thus far described are applicable to a softor hard nose bullet. I have, however, shownit as applied to bulletsembodyinganother fea ture of my,invention which consists of a separatenose piece of metal harder than the body A- but of less specificgravlty. I prefer to use aluminum or an alloy'for such nose piece. Theuse of the hard nose piece 13 causes an expanding or mushrooming havinga bullet mold, thus enabling a user of the bullet when it strikes. Thenose piece being of much less specifi'c gravity than the rest of thebullet has correspondingly less inertia and hence its motion is morequickly retarded upon striking an object than is the rest of the bullet,with the resultthat the body is instantly and violently expanded. Theshape of the hard nose piece may be changed to suit differentconditions. For instance in Figs. 4 and 5 a spherical form of nosepiecedesignated B is shown.

In Fig. l is shown a form of nose piece designated B, so shaped as toconstitute the entire nose of the bullet. It is provided with a shoulder6 back of which extends an ovoid portion or neck of reduced size I) thatis embedded in the body of the projectile. That portion of the nosepiece that is embedded within the body A. is corrugated grooved orroughened so as to secure a close and intimate engagement between thesetwo parts, while the exposed part of the nose piece is preferablysmooth. The form of nose piece shown in Fig. 1 is especiallyadvantageous if used in bullets thathave to be forced into place withinthe gun barrel especially of an automatic arm and which, when madeentirely of soft metal, are liable to have their forward or nose endsdeformed from this or other causes, which may ,clog the arm and destroyaccuracy of projectile when fired.

' It is evident that a jacketed bullet such as I have described can bemade by any one of firearms to easily make his own jacketed projectiles,which is sometimes a matter of great convenience and importance. Ibelieve that I am the first to have produced a jacketed soft metalbullet that can be thus easily and successfully made Without thenecessity of expensive and complicated apparatus.

\Vhat I claim is L 1. A projectile having a metal body and a metaljacket harder than the body and formed of a close coilof wiresurrounding the body and intimately united thereto by the castingthereof.

2. A projectile consisting of a metal body and a'hard metal jacketformed of a close coil of wire, the ends of the latter being em beddedWithin the body.

- 3. A projectile consisting ofa metal body and a jacket fitting aboutthe body and formed of closely coiled wire, the ends of which arecarried Within the convolutions of the wire and left free, the metal ofthe body being cast about such ends of the wire.

4. A bullet or projectile formed of soft metal having a shouldered seatat its rear end, and 'a hard-metal split ring upon the said seat, themetal of the body being expanded to hold the ring upon its seat,substantially as set forth. r

CHARLES P. WATSON.

Witnesses JOHN BLACK, SAM G. MussEN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

Washingt n, I). C. 1 r

